Smallscale mining in China: Assessing recent advances in ...
Introduction. Artisanal and smallscale mining (ASM) has long proved to be economically important in many countries (Davidson, 1993; Shen and Gunson, 2006).From a structural and technical perspective, the sector encompasses rudimentary operations extracting valuable minerals from primary and secondary ore bodies, using basic tools such as picks and shovels, and occasionally, mechanized ...